Archive for May 2017

Most of the legislative work of congress is preformed by

Most of the legislative work of congress is preformed by




A. The standing committees and their subcommittees with jurisdiction over particular policy areas
B. The joint committees chosen to coordinate actions between the two chambers of congress
C. the select committees chosen to study special problems on a temporary basis
D. The steering committees that decide how the party stands on particular bills
E. Party leaders in both chambers




Answer: A

Senators are generally less likely to take directions from their leaders than house members because

Senators are generally less likely to take directions from their leaders than house members because



A. Senators are prohibited by their state legislatures from taking orders from others
B. Senators think of themselves as being equals and are only willing to be led by persuasion
C. Senators are more highly paid than House members and are thus immune from financial threats
D. House rules mandate that all party members on major bills must vote according to the directions of their leaders
E. all of the above





Answer: B

A standing Committee in the house or senate

A standing Committee in the house or senate



A. is a permanent committee
B. has jurisdiction over a particular policy area
C. has authority to draft, amend, and recommend legislation
D. Is usually organized according to the seniority principle
E. All of the above






Answer: E

In contrast with the Speaker of the House, the senate majority leader

In contrast with the Speaker of the House, the senate majority leader



A. plays a key role in formulating the majority party's legislative positions
B. Seeks to develop influential relationships with his/ her colleagues
C. Is not the presiding officer in his/her chamber
D. holds a position that is defined in the constitution
E. None of the above





Answer: C

Compared with the senate majority leader, the speaker of the house has more power because

Compared with the senate majority leader, the speaker of the house has more power because



A. the House places more limits on debate
B. the House is larger chamber in terms of membership
C. the House has less of a tradition as a chamber of equals
D. the Speaker is that chamber's presiding officer
E. All of the above




Answer: E

In beyond Ideology, political scientist Frances Lee shows that

In beyond Ideology, political scientist Frances Lee shows that 




A. the number of bills passed each year by congress has dropped dramatically from year to year because of partisan gridlock
B. Lawmakers generally avoid partisan negotiations or attacks when dealing with low-stakes issues in order to get more business done
C. The congressional agenda is less and less shaped by partisan consideration rather than reelection priorities
D. Even on low-stake issues, lawmakers exploit negotiation and floor debate to attack opponents and promote their party's image
E. The congressional agenda is increasingly shaped by policy priorities rather than partisan consideration






Answer: D

The new's media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that

The new's media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that




A. the news will be available to all citizens
B. Various news organizations should interpret the news in nearly the same way
C. the press should not charge for public service announcements
D. The press should provide a channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public
E. The press should be patriotic in the reporting of the news




Answer: D

In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults

In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults



A. have been more informed than older ones
B. Have been less informed than older ones
C. Have experienced a rise in news consumption because of the internet
D. Have experienced a rise in news consumption because of cable news channel
E. Have remained on par with older adults in terms of news consumption






Answer: B

The media preform of the signaling role by

The media preform of the signaling role by



A. Informing the public of breaking events and new developments
B. Serving as an open channel for leaders to express their opinion
C. Exposing officials who violate accepted performance and moral standards
D. Acting as the public's representative
E. All of the above



Answer: A

In contrast with European news media, American news media are more likely to

In contrast with European news media, American news media are more likely to 




A. guide readers by providing ideological interpretations of current events
B. Play a partisan role by taking sides in political debate
C. Act primarily as neutral transmitters of information
D. Use yellow journalism
E. None of the above





Answer: C

How has the Internet affected the watchdog capacity of the media?

How has the Internet affected the watchdog capacity of the media?



A. it has diluted the watchdog capacity with an overflow of opinions
B.It has expanded the watchdog capacity of the media
C. It has tainted the watchdog role with a partisan bent
D. It has almost completely usurped the watchdog role from the traditional media outlets
E. It has had little to no effect because it lacks the objective standards of traditional media outlets





Answer: B

One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that

One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that




A. the government dictates much of what is reported
B. There are only a few important events each day that merit news coverage
C. A small number of news organizations and news services generate most of the news
D. Reporters are not given much freedom by their editors
E. Journalists have a tendency to be fairly lazy





Answer: C

An amicus brief

An amicus brief




A. is a written document in which a group explains to a court its position on a legal dispute the court is handling
B. Is a written document in which an interest group lays out its policy preference for a targeted lawmakers
C. Prevents a lobbyist group from making campaign donations to policy makers over a specific issue
D. Provides evidence for prosecutors of an illegal monetary relationship between a lawmaker and an interest group or PAC
E. Prevents PACs from donation more then $5,000 to a single candidate during a primary election




Answer: A

A flaw in pluralism theory is the fact that

A flaw in pluralism theory is the fact that




A. the interest group system is unrepresentative because some interests are far better organized and more powerful than others
B. the public interest is never served by policies that promote special interests
C. larger groups always prevail politically over smaller groups
D. political parties better represent different interests than do interest groups
E. All of the above




Answer: A

"Agency Capture" occurs when

"Agency Capture" occurs when 



A. a regulatory agency funnels money back into the lobbying organizations that are seeking policy changes
B. regulatory agencies side with the industries they are supposed to regulate rather than with the public
C. the executive branch takes back control of a regulatory agency by passing regulation to prevent undue influence by lobbying organization
D. a regulatory agency must be dismantled because it has become corrupted
E. An election results in the replacement of an agency's leadership through appointive positions under a new president




Answer: B

Economic groups have an advantage over non-economic groups because

Economic groups have an advantage over non-economic groups because



A. they nearly always have larger memberships
B. they are organized primarily for political purposes
C. they have better leadership
D. they have greater access to financial resources
E. their members are committed to their causes




Answer: D

In order to overcome the free-rider problem, non-economic groups have

In order to overcome the free-rider problem, non-economic groups have



A. deliberately restricted the size of their membership
B. Joined up with economic groups
C. Convinced government to limit the distribution of public goods to those who have contributed to the group's efforts
D. Used Internet resources and computer-assisted mailing lists to target potential donors
E. Adopted taxes for nonmembers




Answer: D

Some groups pursue collective goods. A collective good is one that

Some groups pursue collective goods. A collective good is one that



A. Cannot be selectively granted or denied to individuals; it must be shared
B. Is provided by public service organization
C. Is secured by the president
D. Is secured by Congress
E. None of the above




Answer: A

Why have issue networks become more prevalent than iron triangles?

Why have issue networks become more prevalent than iron triangles?




A. the increasing power of corporate lobbying
B. The increasing diversity of interest groups
C. The increasing influence of PACs
D. The instability of candidates' positions
E. The increasing complexity of policy problems




Answer: E

Candidate-centered politics encourages all of the following EXCEPT

Candidate-centered politics encourages all of the following EXCEPT




A. greater responsiveness to local interests
B. greater flexibility in electoral politics
C. long - term consistency in policy making
D. Introduction of new blood to politics
E. an increase in the power of special interest groups




Answer: C

Which of the following is an accurate representation f the public's opinion about leaders and their accountability ?

Which of the following is an accurate representation f the public's opinion about leaders and their accountability ?




A. Most citizens have a high opinion of congress as a whole, but say little confidence in their loyal representative in congress
B. Most citizens have a high opinion of both congress as a whole and their local representative in Congress
C. Most citizens have a low opinion of Congress as a whole, but say they have confidence in their local representative in congress
D. Most citizens have a low opinion of congress as a whole and also of their local representative in congress
E. Most citizens do not feel that their local representatives in congress should be held accountable for the votes they have to make in order to stay in line with their party's platform




Answer: C

Organizationally, U.S. party organizations are

Organizationally, U.S. party organizations are



A. decentralized and fragmented
B. Centralized and weak
C. decentralized and strong
D. Centralized and strong
E. no longer in operation




Answer: A

James Carville, Dick Morris, and Roger Ailes are all examples of

James Carville, Dick Morris, and Roger Ailes are all examples of




A. minor party candidates who earned more than five percent of the vote
B. Campaign strategists who have earned legendary reputations
C. Congressional incumbents whose reelection bids were derailed by smear campaigns
D. National chairpersons of one of the two major parties
E. Lobbyists jailed for their illegal soft money contributions





Answer: B

Protest activity is a reversal to the pattern of voting in that it

Protest activity is a reversal to the pattern of voting in that it



A. has broad public support
B. is supportive of existing policies
C. is more likely to involve younger citizens rather than older ones
D. is rooted in prejudice
E. Usually takes place in the evenings





Answer: C

The adoption of voter identification cards by several states

The adoption of voter identification cards by several states




A. will likely cause a decline in voter turnout
B. is a policy intended to further the gains of the motor voter law
C. was declared unconstitutional by the supreme court
D. will increase the voting power of poorer citizens
E. was a response to well-documented accounts of widespread electoral fraud





Answer: A

Voting

Voting



A. allows elected officials to claim that their policies reflect the will of the people
B. provides citizens with a regular way to express themselves
C. Is most widespread form of political participation
D. Is both a means by which government controls the people and a means by which the people control government
E. All of the above





Answer: E

When it comes to protest activities, a majority of Americans are

When it comes to protest activities, a majority of Americans are



A. actively involved in protests at one time or another in their lives
B. Willing to contribute through financial support but not through active participation
C. Not highly supportive of such activities, despite America's tradition of free expression
D. Actively involved only later in their lives, when they feel more secure that a protest is justified
E. Supportive of violent activities if the cause warrants such an approach





Answer: C

Which of the following is true of he Internet Organization on MoveOn.Org?

Which of the following is true of he Internet Organization on MoveOn.Org?



A. it has demonstrated that online advocacy can dramatically increase voter turnout in local and state elections
B. It is technically a registered lobbying organization
C. It has a network of more than five million "online activists" which makes it a more powerful voting bloc than some entire states
D. It was highly successful in its effort to shape the 2010 heath care reform bill
E. It was instrumental in helping Barack Obama defeat Hillary Clinton in their race for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination





Answer: E

What was the primary cause for an increase in the public's support for a military invasion of Iraq during the six-month period leading to the start of the war?

What was the primary cause for an increase in the public's support for a military invasion of Iraq during the six-month period leading to the start of the war?



A. The inability of the United Nations to discover strong evidence of weapons of mass destruction
B. Mainstream media coverage of the actions of the Iraqi government
C. Grass-roots efforts by conservative groups that argued it was necessary for greater national security
D. Bush administration efforts to press the case for war
E. Election- year posturing on national security issues by congressional candidates for office






Answer: D

In general, public opinion

In general, public opinion



A. Determines specific government actions
B. Is unrelated to government action
C. Sets limits on government action
D. Generally affects government action only on election issues
E. Is strongest during a presidential election





Answer: C

"The Bradley Effect" describes

"The Bradley Effect" describes



A. the tendency of black candidates to receive fewer votes than the polls predicted
B. The poor training of pollsters, which leads to biased polling results
C. The effect that question wording can have on the results of a poll
D. the tendency to include more minority respondents in a polling, result than is representative of the population
E. The phenomenon in which polled individuals give opinionated responses about issues about which they know very little





Answer: A

Journalist Walter Lippmann suggested that

Journalist Walter Lippmann suggested that




A. Polling, even when done scientifically, cannot be trusted because it is in the peoples nature to be honest in response to political questions
B. The dominance of polling has brought about an ideological shift toward the more radical ends of the political spectrum among elected representatives
C. Polling had provided political parties with even more entrenched power, reducing the influence of third party candidates
D. Effective government cannot be run by politicians that base their public opinions on poll results
E. Pollsters have had more effect on the outcome of presidential elections in recent decades than have the people who do the voting




Answer: D

To Accurately poll the citizens of the United States as opposed to the citizens of a single state

To Accurately poll the citizens of the United States as opposed to the citizens of a single state



A. a much larger sample size will be required
B. The sample requirements will be nearly the same
C. A smaller sample size will be required
D. Less randomization will be needed because the sample size will be larger
E. A larger sampling error can be accepted





Answer: B

Which of the following is true of letter writers and demonstrators?

Which of the following is true of letter writers and demonstrators?




A. They tend to be individuals who have participated in violent or physical expressions of political opinion
B. They tend to espouse a more conservative ideological learning
C. They tend to have a greater effect on policymakers than the public opinion polls of the general population
D. Roughly 10 percent of Americans participate in a mass demonstration or write a letter to the editor each year
E. Their opinions tend to be atypical of the population as a whole




Answer: E

Supreme Court decision in the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case

Supreme Court decision in the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case 



A.) invalidated the principle of affirmative action
B.) ruled that bakke could not be admitted to medical school
C.) established quota systems as a legitimate basis of affirmative action
D.) upheld the principle of affirmative action
E.) none of the above





Answer: D

Policy of affirmative action arose when

Policy of affirmative action arose when



A.) it became apparent that disadvantaged Americans would not attain equal employment opportunities through lawsuits that benefited single individuals only
B.) The Supreme Court declared in bakke that the 14th amendment requires government and large firms to hire more women and minorities
C.) The Supreme Court ruled that de facto it's crimination is on waffl it's discrimination is on unlawful
D.) private firms decided on their own that a more diverse workforce was actually a more productive and effective workforce
E.) supreme Court rendered its adarand v Pena decision in 1995




Answer: A

One example of a policy that aimed chiefly to overcome de facto discrimination is

One example of a policy that aimed chiefly to overcome de facto discrimination is



A.) equal rights amendment
B.) voting rights act of 1965
C.) busing to achieve racial integration in the schools
D.) Brown v. board of education of Topeka Kansas ruling.
E.) The 14th amendment




Answer: C

Housing in America

Housing in America



A.) Falls largely outside the scope of the law - people are free to rent or sell property to whomever they want
B.) is an area where equality in practice is now nearly a reality; people of similar incomes, regardless of race or color, find it equally easy to qualify for home mortgages
C.) is an important civil rights issue, since housing patterns almost completely reflect the personal preferences of people and are not substantially influence by past or present racial bias
D.) continues to evidence a high degree of racial segregation
E.) none of the above





Answer: D

In applying the reasonable basis test, courts tend to

In applying the reasonable basis test, courts tend to




A.) require government only to show that a particular law is reasonable
B.) assesses whether a law had the support of a two - thirds majority of legislators at the time of passage
C.) determine whether a law is working well and, if so, to allow it to remain in effect
D.) prohibit any laws that results in the unequal treatment of Americans
E.) interpret the equal protection clause in a strict Manor




Answer: A

De jure discrimination and de facto discrimination are two ways in which some Americans are treated as less equal than others. Examples of public policies designed to address each of these forms of discrimination are

De jure discrimination and de facto discrimination are two ways in which some Americans are treated as less equal than others. Examples of public policies designed to address each of these forms of discrimination are



A.) the brown decision (de jure) and the affirmative action (de facto)
B.) affirmative action (de jure) and the voting rights act of 1965 (de facto)
C.) The voting rights act of 1965 (de jure) and the brown decision (de facto)
D.) The supreme Court's busing decisions (de jure) and affirmative action decisions (de facto)
E.) none of the above




Answer: A

The civil rights act of 1964 was aimed in large part at eliminating discrimination

The civil rights act of 1964 was aimed in large part at eliminating discrimination 




A.) by governments in their conduct of elections (e.g. Registration, placing a polling booths)
B.) by private individuals in their school relations - - by guide by private individuals in their school relations - bigoted statements and other acts of pre-justice are unlawful under most circumstances
C.) by governments in their job practices and provision of services like schools and roads
D.) by private individuals in their employment practices and in their operation of public accommodations (e.g. Hotels, restaurants)
E.) against gays and lesbians





Answer: D

All of the following statements about Asian Americans rights are true EXCEPT that

All of the following statements about Asian Americans rights are true EXCEPT that 



A.) they have not attained a proportionate share of top business positions
B.) Asian Americans are an upwardly mobile group but are underrepresented in top positions in society due to past and present discrimination
C.) Asian Americans have the highest percentage of two-parent families of any racial group
D.) Asian Americans have made notable educational advancements
E.) Asian Americans have the second highest median family income of any group




Answer: E

Native Americans

Native Americans 



A.) today number more than 2 million
B.) have a far higher infant mortality rate than national average
C.) have in recent years filed suit to reclaim their ancestral lands
D.) are less than half as likely to finish college as other Americans
E.) all of the above



Answer: E

All of the following statements about Latino Americans are true except that

All of the following statements about Latino Americans are true except that 



A.) they are the fast-growing Minority in United States
B.) they have made major political gains in terms of electing local officials, particularly in the southwestern states
C.) hispanics are healthier and have a longer life expectancy than would be expected from their education and income level
D.) their average annual income is relatively close to the national average
E.) you are one of the nations oldest ethnic groups





Answer: D

A movement for women's rights it was initially aligned with

A movement for women's rights it was initially aligned with



A.) the abolition movement
B.) The progressive movement
C.) The labor movement
D.) modern civil rights movement
E.) modern environmental movement





Answer: A

Which statement about women's rights is correct

Which statement about women's rights is correct



A.) the equal rights amendment (ERA) was ratified by the necessary 38 states in 1982.
B.) the women's rights movement began in the era of ww1 and within a few years achieved voting rights for women
C.) women have made substantial gains in the areas of appointive and elective offices
D.) Women tend to cast their vote for Republican candidate
E.) all of the above





Answer: C

In the case of United States v. Virginia (1896), supreme Court ruled that

In the case of United States v. Virginia (1896), supreme Court ruled that




A.) strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses.
B.) private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation
C.) male - only admissions policies at state - supported military academies were unconstitutional
D.) because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities, the school in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices
E.) colleges affiliated with a particular religion that take the religious persuasion of job candidate into consideration during the hiring process





Answer: C

Disadvantaged Americans have generally gained their rights

Disadvantaged Americans have generally gained their rights 



A. Through the enlightened policies of advantaged Americans
B. Through Judicial actions only
C. Through struggle against entrenched interests
D. Mainly through actions by the states rather than federal government
E. by waiting patiently for public opinion to back their cause





Answer: C

The USA Patriot Act

The USA Patriot Act 




A. grants the government new powers of surveillance.
B. relaxed restrictions on the sharing of intelligence surveillance information with criminal investigators.
C. gives intelligence agencies the authority to share crime-related information with law enforcement agencies.
D. was enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
E. All these answers are correct.





Answer: E

When can police legally begin their interrogation of a suspect?

When can police legally begin their interrogation of a suspect? 



A. immediately upon arrest
B. after the suspect has been warned that his or her words can be used as evidence
C. only after the suspect has met with an attorney
D. after the suspect has been arrested and is in the custody of the police
E. after the suspect has been formally charged with a specific crime




Answer: B

If a person yells "fire" in a crowded theater when there is no fire, and people are hurt in the ensuing panic, that individual abused his/her freedom of speech according to the doctrine of

If a person yells "fire" in a crowded theater when there is no fire, and people are hurt in the ensuing panic, that individual abused his/her freedom of speech according to the doctrine of 



A. malice.
B. clear and present danger.
C. unlawful assembly.
D. privacy.
E. prior restraint.






Answer: B

How did the Supreme Court's position on the rights of the accused in state courts change in the 1960s?

How did the Supreme Court's position on the rights of the accused in state courts change in the 1960s? 




A. The Supreme Court began to allow states greater freedom to interpret the rights of the accused.
B. The Supreme Court began to dramatically reduce federal power to force the states to make special accommodations for the rights of accused minorities.
C. The Supreme Court began to protect the rights of the accused from action by the states.
D. The Supreme Court position did not change noticeably.
E. The Supreme Court ceased to enforce the practice of selective incorporation.





Answer: C

The Supreme Court

The Supreme Court 



A. has ruled that even forms of symbolic speech considered to be dangerous to the public are protected.
B. ruled during the Vietnam war that the burning of draft registration cards was a protected form of symbolic speech.
C. has reduced its protections of symbolic speech dramatically, and recently has ruled against flag burning as a form of protected symbolic speech.
D. has protected symbolic speech much more substantially than it has protected verbal speech.
E. has generally protected symbolic speech, though less substantially than it has protected verbal speech.





Answer: E

Since the 1980s, the Supreme Court has addressed the exclusionary rule by

Since the 1980s, the Supreme Court has addressed the exclusionary rule by 



A. expanding its application to virtually all criminal cases both at the state and federal levels.
B. determining that the rule was unconstitutional, in that it weakened the effectiveness of the police in maintaining an orderly society.
C. expanding its application to federal cases only.
D. expanding its application to state cases only.
E. None of these answers is correct.




Answer: E

"You have the right to remain silent....Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law....You have the right to an attorney". This is called the

"You have the right to remain silent....Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law....You have the right to an attorney". This is called the 



A. preferred position doctrine.
B. clear and present danger test.
C. Miranda warning.
D. fairness doctrine.
E. None of these answers is correct.





Answer: C

In the Johnson flag-burning case, the Supreme Court ruled that

In the Johnson flag-burning case, the Supreme Court ruled that 



A. flag burning is an imminent danger to public safety.
B. flag burning is not symbolic speech.
C. flag burning, although offensive, cannot be prohibited.
D. flag burning can be prohibited by the national government but not by the states.
E. flag burning could be banned by Congress.





Answer: C

The Fourth Amendment protects Americans from

The Fourth Amendment protects Americans from 



A. any search conducted without a warrant.
B. unreasonable searches.
C. unreasonable searches conducted only by federal officers.
D. all searches conducted by state officers.
E. searches conducted only by local officers.





Answer: B

In Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), the justices

In Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), the justices 




A. ruled that states are free to adopt abortion laws of their choosing.
B. reaffirmed the essential aspects of Roe v. Wade.
C. invoked the Ninth Amendment for the first time in an abortion decision.
D. invalidated the right to an abortion in the early months of pregnancy.
E. None of these answers is correct.



Answer: B

The right to privacy was instrumental in which decision?

The right to privacy was instrumental in which decision? 



A. Roe v. Wade
B. Mapp v. Ohio
C. Schenck v. United States
D. Miranda v. Arizona
E. New York Times Co. v. United States




Answer: A

The Supreme Court has reasoned that a right of privacy is provided by

The Supreme Court has reasoned that a right of privacy is provided by 




A. the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
B. the Ninth Amendment, which says that people's rights are not limited to those enumerated in the Constitution.
C. the Tenth Amendment, which reserves to the people and the states those powers not granted to the federal government.
D. the implication of said right by the freedoms in the Bill of Rights.
E. the Civil Rights Act of 1991.





Answer: D

The exclusionary rule states that

The exclusionary rule states that 



A. federal law cannot be applied in state courts.
B. the laws of one state court cannot be applied in the courts of another state.
C. after seven years, the statute of limitations applies, except in murder cases.
D. evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible in court.
E. state law cannot be applied in federal courts.





Answer: D

According to the Supreme Court, prayer in public schools violates

According to the Supreme Court, prayer in public schools violates 




A. the free exercise clause.
B. the establishment clause.
C. the exclusionary rule.
D. procedural due process.
E. the clear and present danger test.




Answer: B

The establishment clause prohibits government from

The establishment clause prohibits government from 



A. establishing exceptions to the Bill of Rights.
B. establishing exceptions to the Fourteenth Amendment.
C. favoring one religion over another or supporting religion over no religion.
D. interfering with freedom of assembly.
E. interfering with the right to bear arms.




Answer: C

Which of the following is correct with regard to obscenity and the law?

Which of the following is correct with regard to obscenity and the law? 



A. Obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment.
B. Obscenity is never unlawful.
C. Child pornography is protected by the First Amendment.
D. Obscenity has been easy for courts to define with precision.
E. Obscenity is protected under the Ninth Amendment.





Answer: A

The inclusion of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights in the Fourteenth Amendment, so that these rights are protected from infringements by the state governments, is called

The inclusion of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights in the Fourteenth Amendment, so that these rights are protected from infringements by the state governments, is called 



A. the preferred position doctrine.
B. procedural change.
C. selective incorporation.
D. the absorption doctrine.
E. prior restraint.




Answer: C

Like all other rights, the right of free expression is

Like all other rights, the right of free expression is 



A. spelled out in precise terms in the Bill of Rights.
B. not absolute.
C. fully respected by public officials.
D. protected from action by federal officials but not state officials.
E. None of these answers is correct.




Answer: B

Justice Holmes's "clear and present danger" test holds that government can

Justice Holmes's "clear and present danger" test holds that government can 



A. restrict speech that threatens national security.
B. restrict any speech of an inflammatory nature.
C. imprison political dissidents during time of war without following normal procedures.
D. engage in prior restraint of the press whenever national security is at issue.
E. restrict speech that is disrespectful to specific classes of citizens.





Answer: A

The term civil liberties refers to specific individual rights that

The term civil liberties refers to specific individual rights that 



A. apply in civil cases but not in criminal cases.
B. apply in civil cases but not in military ones.
C. are constitutionally protected from infringement by government.
D. are constitutionally protected from infringement by individuals.
E. are not covered by the First Amendment.





Answer: C

The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the Fourteenth Amendment to include protection from deprivation of due process rights by

The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the Fourteenth Amendment to include protection from deprivation of due process rights by 




A. actions of the president.
B. the actions of individuals.
C. actions of the federal government.
D. actions of state and local governments.
E. actions of the U.S. military.




Answer: D

Which of the following is true of the appeal process?

Which of the following is true of the appeal process?



A.) The Constitution guarantees at least one appeal after conviction, but many states continue to challenge this guarantee in court
B.) both the federal and all state constitutions guarantee an appeal after conviction
C.) Constitution does not guarantee an appeal after conviction, but the federal government and all states permit at least one appeal
D.) there are no guarantees of appeal at the federal or state level, but the appeal process has been effectively certified through common practice
E.) The guarantee of appeal in the state was established as part of selective incorporation as applied to the 14th amendment






Answer: C

In the case of McNabb v. United States, justice Felix frankfurter defined the "history of liberty" primarily in terms of whether

In the case of McNabb v. United States, justice Felix frankfurter defined the "history of liberty" primarily in terms of whether 




A.) Government had observed procedural guarantees
B.) those convicted our actually guilty
C.) those convicted I have the opportunity for appeal
D.) those convicted or treated humanely while imprisoned
E.) everyone is treated fairly in every case




Answer: A

The exclusionary rule States that

The exclusionary rule States that




A.) Federal law cannot be applied in state court
B.) The laws of one state court cannot be applied in the court of another state
C.) after seven years, the statue of limitations applies, except In murder cases
D.) evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible in court
E.) State law cannot be applied in federal courts





Answer: D

Establishment clause prohibits government from

Establishment clause prohibits government from




A.) Establishing expectations to the Bill of Rights
B.) Establishing expectation to the 14th amendment
C.) favoring one religion over another or supporting religion over no religion
D.) interfering with freedom of assembly
E.) interfering with the right to bear arms





Answer: C

Which of the following is correct with regard to obscenity and the law?

Which of the following is correct with regard to obscenity and the law?





A.) obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment
B.) obscenity is never unlawful
C.) Child pornography is protected by the First Amendment
D.) obscenity has been easy for courts to define with precision
E.) obscenity is protected under the ninth amendment




Answer: A

The inclusion of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights in the 14th amendment, so that these rights are protected from infringements by the state governments, is called

The inclusion of certain provisions of the Bill of Rights in the 14th amendment, so that these rights are protected from infringements by the state governments, is called




A.) The preferred position doctrine
B.) procedural change
C.) selective incorporation
D.) The absorption doctrine
E.) prior restraint




Answer: C

Government can lawfully prevent a political rally from taking place

Government can lawfully prevent a political rally from taking place




A.) under no circumstances: people have an unconditional right to express their views
B.) when the rally would require unduly expensive police protection
C.) when the views of those holding the rally are unpopular
D.) when it can demonstrate that harmful acts will necessarily result from the rally
E.) none of the above





Answer: D

The supreme courts position on prior restraint of the press is that

The supreme courts position on prior restraint of the press is that 




A.) national security needs are of highest priority
B.) only classified government documents are subject to prior restraint
C.) prior restraint can never be exercised by government
D.) prior restraint should apply only in rare circumstances, and it s better to hold the press responsible for what it has printed than to restrict what it may print
E.) prior restraint should be used fairly frequently in a democracy




Answer: D

Justice Stone argued in 1938 that

Justice Stone argued in 1938 that




A.) citizens should have priority over non-citizens in the legal system
B.) First Amendment rights are the basis of most other rights
C.) the interests of the majority are more important than the rights of the individual
D.) the requirements of national security take precedence over freedom of expression
E.) the bill of rights should be fully applied to the states



Answer: B

Like all other rights, the right to free expression is

Like all other rights, the right to free expression is




A.) spelled out in precise terms in the Bill of Rights
B.) not absolute
C.) fully respected by public officials
D.) protected from action by federal officials but not state officials
E.) None of these answers are correct





Answer: B

Justice Holmes's "Clear and present danger" test holds that government can

Justice Holmes's "Clear and present danger" test holds that government can 




A.) restrict speech and threatens national security
B.) restrict any speech of an inflammatory nature
C.) imprison political dissidents during time of war without following normal procedures
D.) engage in prior restraint of the press whenever national security is at issue
E.) restrict speech that is disrespectful to specific classes of citizens




Answer: A

The term "civil liberties" refers to specific individual rights that

The term "civil liberties" refers to specific individual rights that 



A.) apply in civil cases but not in criminal cases
B.) apply in civil cases but not in military cases
C.) are constitutionally protected from infringement by government
d.) are constitutionally protected from infringement by individuals
E.) are not covered by the first amendment





Answer: C

The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the fourteenth amendment to include protection from deprivation of due process rights by

The individual freedoms in the Bill of Rights were extended by the fourteenth amendment to include protection from deprivation of due process rights by 



A.) actions of the president
B.) actions of individuals
C.) actions of the federal government
D.) actions of state and local governments
E.) actions of the U.S. military





Answer: D

Through it's Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court

Through it's Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court




A. Ruled that "free land" made "free men"
B. Upheld free blacks rights of citizenship
C. Upheld the principles of the Missouri compromise
D. Soothed secretary tensions
E. ruled that Congress could not outlaw slavery anywhere in the United States




Answer: E

From 1789 to 1865, the most significant issue of federalism was

From 1789 to 1865, the most significant issue of federalism was




A. The application of the Bill of Rights to action by the state governments
B. Whether are the states would accept the lawful authority of the national government
C. Whether business trusts would be regulated primarily by the state or by the national government
D. Whether the state would respect the sovereignty of neighboring states
E. laissez-faire capitalism




Answer: B

McCulloch v Maryland

McCulloch v Maryland



A. Ruled in favor of state - centered federalism
B. Asserted that the necessary and proper clause was the restriction on the power of the national government
C. Affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law
D. Established the Supreme Court's power to judge constitutional issues
E. allowed for a narrow reading of the constitution






Answer: C

The no Child left behind act

The no Child left behind act




A. Increased state authority over education policy but provided greater federal funds for education
B. Dramatically increased state authority over education policy
C. Was part of the end, and reversal of, the devolution movement
D. Was the last significant piece of legislation that contributed to devolution of authority to the states
E. was the centerpiece to President Bush's version of "new federalism"





Answer: C

According to the anti-federalists , too strong of a national government meant

According to the anti-federalists , too strong of a national government meant



A. Eventual encroachment upon the sovereignty of the states
B. That a new constitutional convention would have to convene every few years
C. That a monarchy was redeemable to a republic
D. that effective commerce between and among the states was an impossibility
E. that slavery would be abolished immediately





Answer: A

The 10th amendment addressed the concerns of anti-federalists about

The 10th amendment addressed the concerns of anti-federalists about 



A. Individual freedoms
B. The meaning of the commerce clause
C. Popular representation in Congress
D. The powers of state governments
E. the electoral college





Answer: D

The enumerated powers in article 1 of the Constitution were intended to

The enumerated powers in article 1 of the Constitution were intended to



A. Limit the powers of the state government
B. Ensure that neither small nor large states would be at a disadvantage
C. Ensure that neither northern nor southern states would be at a disadvantage
D. Establish a government strong enough to forge a union that was secure in its defense and stable and it's economy
E. limit the power of the presidency





Answer: D

Sovereignty refers to

Sovereignty refers to




A. A government headed by a king
B. A division of authority between the national government and the states
C. Supreme and final governing authority
D. Sub - national (state) governments
E. none of the above






Answer: C

Which of the following is a correct statement about commerce power in the US

Which of the following is a correct statement about commerce power in the US




A. The power to regulate commerce is an enumerated power of Congress
B. The Constitution does not delineate the dividing line between interstate commerce and intrastate commerce
C. The Supreme Court has ruled that manufacturing is part of intrastate commerce and thus subject to state regulation only
D. Congress invoked. The commerce power in passing a federal law that prohibited the possession of guns with in 1000 feet of a school
E. all of the above






Answer: D

Which of the following were arguments in favor of federalism at the time of the writing of the Constitution?

Which of the following were arguments in favor of federalism at the time of the writing of the Constitution?



A. Federalism will protect liberty
B. Federalism will force officials to be more responsive to the people
C. Federalism will provide for a stronger national government than existed under the articles of confederation
D. Federalism will be less likely to produce and all dominant faction
E. all of the above





Answer: E

Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power?

Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power?




a. public education
B. regulation of commerce
C. Declaration of War
D. taxation
E. establish a national currency





Answer: A

What was the public response to the economic stimulus bill that Barack Obama and the Democratic Congress enacted in early 2009?

What was the public response to the economic stimulus bill that Barack Obama and the Democratic Congress enacted in early 2009? 





A. Some 70 percent of the public believed the bill was essential, though there was worry, as a secondary concern, about the scale of the spending.
B. The public's primary concern was about the scale of the spending, but the public still supported the need for a stimulus bill by a margin of two to one.
C. The public was evenly split on the need for a stimulus bill, reflecting deep political divisions on the nature of the federal role in regulating the economy.
D. Most Americans did not believe the stimulus bill was "critically important" or "important" to the nation's recovery from the economic crisis.
E. Nearly two-thirds of the public opposed the passage of any form of economic stimulus bill, even though the vast majority worried about how the U.S. would recover from the economic crisis.






Answer: A

Viewed in historical terms, federalism has been a

Viewed in historical terms, federalism has been a




A. Contentious and dynamic system that has adapted to the needs of time
B. theoretical principle, in that constitutional provisions for federalism have had virtually no impact on the relationship between the nation and the states.
C. Flawed principle, in that the relationship between the nation and states has been a constant source of problems without many positive benefits.
D. fixed principle, in that the relationship between the nation and the states is almost completely defined by provisions for the constitution
E. Poor replacement for the confederal system which existed before the constitution





Answer: A

The writers of Constitution established a federal system of government in part because

The writers of Constitution established a federal system of government in part because




A. The states already existed as established entities and had to be preserved
B. A federal government alone would never be able to command the identity or loyalty of its citizenry
C. Locke and Montesquieu had concluded it was superior to other systems of government
D. The British political system was based on the federal principle
E. the states would be valuable sources of revenue for a federal government




Answer: A

The principle of checks and balances is based on the notion that

The principle of checks and balances is based on the notion that



A.) leaders are the trustees of the people
B.) a weak government is always preferable to a strong government
C.) all legislative and executive action should be controlled through judicial power.
D.) power must be used to offset power
E.) legislators and executives cannot be trusted, but judges are trustworthy.





Answer: D

Which of the following chronologies is correct?

Which of the following chronologies is correct?



A.) Boston tea party, first continental congress; and Declaration of Independence
B.) shays rebellion (1773) , Annapolis convention (1774) , Declaration of Independence (1776)
C.) stamp act (1775), Declaration of Independence (1776) and Philadelphia convention (1788)
D.) common sense (1769) Declaration of Independence (1776) and the federalist papers (1783)
E.) Declaration of Independence (1776), articles of confederation (1787), constitution (1791) and the federalist no. 10 (1795)





Answer: A

The constitution prevents the government from suspending the writ of habeas corpus, meaning that the government cannot

The constitution prevents the government from suspending the writ of habeas corpus, meaning that the government cannot 



A.) prosecute persons for acts that were legal at the time they were committed
B.) establish a state religion based on Christian beliefs
C.) enact laws that would legalize the practice of indentured servitude
D.) jail a person without a court hearing to determine the legality of his or her imprisonment
E.) silence freedom of the press






Answer: D

Through the grants of power in the constitution, the framers sought out to

Through the grants of power in the constitution, the framers sought out to 





A.) define the powers of state governments
B.) create a government in which sovereignty was invested in the national government only.
C.) both define the powers of the national government and limit them
D.) enumerate the rights of individuals
E.) abolish slavery




Answer: C

All but one state constitution formed after the American revolution

All but one state constitution formed after the American revolution 




A.) provided to choosing governors in direct annual elections
B.) provided for a less direct form of self-government than the national-level framers intended
C.) provided for annual legislative elections
D.) included more severe checks and balances than the u.s constitution
E.) drastically limited the power of the executive in comparison to the legislature





Answer: C

Early Americans preference for limited government was strengthened by

Early Americans preference for limited government was strengthened by 



A.) their exposure to life under the British Parliament and some of the "rights of Englishmen"
B.) lockean philosophy
C.) Britains treatment of the colonies after the French and Indian war
D.) taxation without representation
E.) all of the above






Answer: E

The words of the Declaration of Independence reflected

The words of the Declaration of Independence reflected 



A.) Aristotle's conception of democracy
B.) Montesquieu's view of constitutionalism
C.) Hobbes idea of the state of nature
D.) Locke's philosophy of inalienable rights
E.) Madison's view of fractions





Answer: C

President John Adams publicly indicated that

President John Adams publicly indicated that 



A.) the federal government would not use force against common people that were simply seeking their inalienable rights
B.) the constitution was designed for a governing elite
C.) dissent against the federal government would Be welcomed as a part of the birthing pangs of a republic
D.) he disagreed with the concept of a republic and preferred more direct democratic rule.
E.) he felt he was the president of the "common folk"





Answer: B

The Greek words demos and kraits together mean

The Greek words demos and kraits together mean



A. Majority rule is sacred
B. The people rule
C. Government is good
D. Politics is immoral
E. the king is good
B. The people




Answer: B

A Governments authority

A Governments authority



A. Is evidenced when government officials use their right to exercise power
B. Is by definition not coercive
C. Does not include the power to arrest and imprison
D. Ensures that lawlessness prevails most of the time
E. is based on pluralism




Answer: A

According to the political scientist Louis hartz, the United States

According to the political scientist Louis hartz, the United States



A. Constitutes a "corporate dictatorship"
B. Was "born free"
C. Form a perfect union
D. Is basically a monarchical state
E. "perfected" socialist democracy






Answer: B

West Virginia, The state with the lowest percentage of college graduates in the United States,

West Virginia, The state with the lowest percentage of college graduates in the United States,





A. Is indicative of Americans relative indifference to higher education
B. Is evidence of the general truth that the state with the highest percentage of college graduates are located between the Rockies and the Mississippi River
C. Is one of seven US states with fewer than five institutions of higher learning
D. Demonstrate how closed higher education in the United States as compared to the rest of the world
E. has a higher proportion of college graduates the most European countries





Answer: E

In a constitutional system,

In a constitutional system,




A. There are no restrictions on the lawful uses of power, as long as their power is obtained by majority rule.
B. There are lawful restrictions on a governments power
C. The economy is based on the free enterprise system
D. Officials govern according to the traditions established by their predecessors
E. all citizens have absolute free speech rights





Answer: B

Which of the following is NOT true of cultural or political beliefs in america?

Which of the following is NOT true of cultural or political beliefs in america?




A. Americas origins as a wilderness society led to the belief the government is responsible for providing material assistance to its citizens
B. Americans place a greater emphasis than europeans on personal advancement through education
C. Never has an american majority expressed a willingness to entrust health insurance fully to the government
D. America has a strong individualistic culture
E. america's individualistic culture has not proven go be an absolute barrier to the government assistance programs





Answer: A
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